Forgetting a name or misplacing your keys now and then is a normal part of getting older. But some changes are different and deserve a conversation with a doctor. Here's how to tell the difference.
This guide is general information, not a diagnosis. Only a medical evaluation can determine the cause of memory or thinking changes, and some causes, such as vitamin deficiencies, thyroid problems, medication side effects, or infections, are treatable.
Warning signs compared with normal aging
- Memory loss that disrupts daily life, such as repeating the same question or forgetting recent events. Normal: Sometimes forgetting a name or appointment but remembering later.
- Trouble planning or solving problems, such as difficulty following a familiar recipe or keeping track of bills. Normal: Occasional mistakes balancing a checkbook.
- Difficulty with familiar tasks, such as getting lost driving to a familiar place. Normal: Occasionally needing help with a new gadget.
- Confusion about time or place, such as losing track of dates or seasons, or forgetting where they are. Normal: Getting confused about the day of the week, then figuring it out.
- Trouble with words, such as stopping mid-conversation or calling things by the wrong name. Normal: Sometimes struggling to find the right word.
- Misplacing things and being unable to retrace steps, sometimes accusing others of taking them. Normal: Misplacing things and finding them later.
- Poor judgment, such as giving large sums to telemarketers or neglecting hygiene. Normal: Making a bad decision once in a while.
- Withdrawing from activities they used to enjoy. Normal: Sometimes feeling tired of social obligations.
- Changes in mood or personality, becoming confused, suspicious, fearful, or anxious. Normal: Getting irritable when a routine is disrupted.
What to do if you're worried
- Write down what you notice, with examples and dates. It's very helpful for the doctor.
- Schedule a doctor's visit and go along if you can. Ask about a cognitive assessment.
- Review medications with the doctor or pharmacist, since some cause confusion.
- Think about safety now: driving, stove use, medications, finances, and wandering.
- Get support. The Alzheimer's Association's free 24/7 Helpline is 1-800-272-3900.
Support at home
If a loved one is diagnosed with dementia, a consistent, patient caregiver can help them stay safe and comfortable at home and give family members a break. Learn about our Alzheimer's and dementia care in Lowell, or call (978) 479-0499.